I like to work with mixed media on paper: oil sticks, pastels, graphite pencils, inks, gouache, brushes and pens. The quality of paper is very important to me, both in terms of the texture and also its ability to hold all the above and I like to see the paper through the media.
I also like to see what happens to the media afterwards when it is viewed under a magnifying glass. It is a whole other world of marks and colour not seen when just viewed with the naked eye. What common mistakes do students make when drawing? Both are essential. What elements make up a visually engaging composition?
The elements that help make up a visually engaging composition are the use of the negative space and how the figure is placed on the page. Traditional Japanese artists are masters of it. What or who inspires you to draw?
Drawing is hard work. Everybody has individual qualities that are attractive but certain temperaments can be the key. I always try to put in the touch of the hand. In contrast to the more stylised approach used to draw the fashion figure, this chapter introduces the realistic proportions and techniques for drawing flats and specifications, or specs as they are more commonly known. We discuss the role of computers in fashion drawing and their application to a variety of presentation enhancements and visual formats.
This includes an introduction to dedicated software programs that continue to be developed and refined to meet the needs of the fashion industry. Visual examples distinguish between the different presentation requirements of technical drawings for fashion.
Finally, there is an insightful interview with the director of a design consultancy that produces specs for a number of international clients. While both terms are widely used in design education and across the ready-to-wear fashion industry, there are some important differences between them.
A flat is an individual garment, or series of garments, drawn in the flat to represent a three-dimensional form as if it was laid down and viewed from above. Front and back views are usual, although side views can also be included depending on the visual information to be conveyed. Flats are essentially linear drawings, which may be enhanced for presentation purposes. A spec short for specification is a more technically orientated and exacting presentation of an individual garment, drawn in a precise linear style to convey detailed technical information.
The drawing is presented on a specification sheet, an internal document that a company uses for manufacturing purposes, which contains essential technical information such as the assembly processes, fabric, trimmings and costings.
In short, a student designer to demonstrate their darts that shape the garment and who does not understand the basic knowledge and understanding of an any additional features such as elements of fit and shape will be less individual garment. Flats and specs gathers or pleats. It is drawing might be, but rather with or tone.
It is also important to include always a good idea to draw a flat the detail and characteristics of the back views of all style lines to or spec as if you had to give it to garment. These characteristics could demonstrate a full understanding of someone to cut or drape without be defined through a series of three the garment. Style lines such as you there to explain it. The ruffles, added fullness or pleating first is an understanding of the variations can be drawn in a variety The third visualisation process that overall silhouette and proportion of of ways, all of which are achieved makes up a flat or spec is the the garment.
Flats and specs are through drawing technique and application of detail lines. These drawn with much more proportional practice. Look at examples of other include topstitching and other visual accuracy than equivalent figurative flats or specs to increase your own surface applications, such as a patch illustrations, so instead of a nine- knowledge and understanding. As pocket, for example, which does not or ten-heads figure, a more realistic your level of technical knowledge affect the fit of the garment but is eight-heads figure is used.
Emma Frame. It is important to consider what the purpose of the flat will be. This 2 Flats by Nuttawan might sound rather obvious, but flats can be applied to several Ness Kraikhajornkiti. The first of these might be to demonstrate a full understanding of a design that is presented as an artistic illustration or figurative drawing. It can sometimes be appropriate to include a flat alongside a figurative drawing in order to better explain the design. However, this has to be considered in relation to the compositional value of the drawing; for some illustrations it may be unsuitable.
Arranging flats on a separate presentation board is another option. Another purpose of flats is to demonstrate range planning skills. In this regard flats serve an important function: they are extremely useful for breaking down a collection into its component parts.
This can be by product, such as a visual analysis of all the skirts or tops within a collection; or by theme, such as grouping together all garments that make up a travel-themed capsule within a larger seasonal collection. Use the same template or enhancements such as croquis figure for all your flats within the same presentation to colour and line quality.
Hand-drawn flats can also Increasingly, presentation flats are being coloured up be drawn larger than their intended scale and reduced down to the using software programs required size. While flats should Kaledo design software. It is good to practise drawing a symmetrical garment by hand: draw half the garment and fold it over to trace off the other half. However, perfect symmetry is not essential: one sleeve could be folded at the elbow, for example, to show more detail or simply to enhance the visual effect.
This is because a specification drawing has an Aaron Lee Cooper. Technical specifications contain the visual information required for the manufacture of an individual garment in relation to its associated unit costs, such as all trimmings and design details, which might include labels or an embroidered logo. They are not used for range planning or to visualise an outfit unless, for example, the garment is made up of two parts for manufacturing purposes, such as a coat with a detachable hood.
Specification drawings are always produced after a design has been formulated. Technical specifications should always be drawn in a clear and linear style: they need to be accurate and clear enough in their detail for a factory manager or garment technologist to understand them and to provide sufficient information for a sample machinist to be able to assemble the garment without additional instruction. Most fashion students will not be at this advanced level when starting out.
Moreover, not all fashion designers will be required to produce a factory spec. However, in practice, fashion students and designers should be able to understand them and produce a detailed line drawing of a garment when working with a pattern maker.
Specification drawings serve an important function in identifying and eliminating potential faults before production. Desktop scanners illustrations by Nuttawan and more efficient graphics tablets soon followed, enabling designers Ness Kraikhajornkiti. The development of digital drawing and image-editing software during the late s heralded the arrival of early vector graphics and bitmaps. In simple terms, vector graphics are geometric formations such as lines, points and curves, which are based on mathematical equations to represent a digital image.
They produce clear lines that are suitable for drawing flats or specs; linear quality is not reduced when scaled up or down in size. Bitmaps are the data structure represented by a grid of pixels that makes up a digital image, measured as dots per inch dpi. Pixels are the building blocks of bitmap images such as digital photographs and scanned images. The more pixels an image has per unit, the better the quality of the image for colour and resolution.
Since their early application, graphics software programs have steadily developed and expanded into a variety of sophisticated user platforms, which can be used for enhancing fashion presentations. Foremost among the available software are Adobe Illustrator and Photoshop, which have become industry standards. Photoshop is a graphics editing program that is primarily geared towards photo manipulation.
Illustrator is a vector-based drawing program, originally developed for the Apple Macintosh in the mids. Today it has evolved into a sophisticated digital drawing tool that allows for the conversion of bitmap imagery into vector art. Illustrator can also incorporate images and text with vector graphics to enhance presentations. Macromedia Freehand is another powerful vector graphics tool that is orientated towards the desktop publishing market and now owned by Adobe.
For example, French company Lectra has developed Kaledo, a Windows- based fashion design software package. As well as their labour-saving capabilities, these graphics applications and CAD solutions offer extended opportunities for designers to modify their ideas and working processes. The ability to draw by 2 hand will always be relevant in fashion and should be practised and maintained.
But increasingly, as we shall see later, developments in fashion illustration are witnessing a synergy between hand-drawing styles and digital enhancements. It consists of a network of sport-specific brands such as experienced and dedicated Adidas, Puma and Tommy Hilfiger How important are computers designers; we take on a variety of Sports, as well as lifestyle brands to what you draw?
I also Computers are vital to my work and textile sector. Our work includes had my own brand, Yucon, which as they allow me to be clear and fashion design, graphic design and was successful but we ran out of specific in detail; any alterations can logo design. With my overall experience be done then and there. They make as designer and manager I decided it easier to share the information that I prefer freelancing or self- between me, my clients and employment so my current situation, factories; I think they are essential managing my own freelance to any business these days and I business, suits me perfectly.
My favourite is Illustrator on Mac as it is fantastic for technical drawings and it links up with the whole Adobe Suite such as Photoshop and others.
What makes a good fashion flat or technical drawing? Good drawings are important as they can save time and not halter the progress. What are your favourite garments or subjects to draw? I really enjoy designing outerwear as I think these garments in particular require you to think jointly about function, style and technical aspects due to the different end use such as who will wear it, where, when, in what weather and so on.
This allows me to indulge in the details of the garment, internal as well as external, to create maximum style and functionality. Do you have any advice for someone starting out in the fashion industry? Make sure you love it, persevere in the industry and find a career path that suits you!
I like things full of colour Plovmand. Colour theory is also introduced and evaluated in relation to hand-rendering techniques and the development of computer-aided drawings and associated colour schemes. The particular role of mixed media and collage for fashion is considered, with a variety of supporting visuals that provide an introduction to the wide range of media choices that have become integrated into contemporary fashion artwork.
We also look at the application of colour to different fabrics, textures and prints. The chapter ends with an engaging interview with a fashion design illustrator who has collaborated with a number of international fashion houses to produce colour prints and textiles for their seasonal collections. The introduction of marker pens in the s confirmed a particularly significant shift towards faster and more responsive media, which were specifically design-orientated rather than historically rooted in a tradition of artist materials.
Marker pens still exert a powerful influence over fashion sketching styles and drawing techniques. Today, however, the range of colour media that is available to fashion designers and design students must also be considered in the context of computer-aided design software.
When most of us look at images of clothes in a magazine or see a fashion window display we are immediately drawn to the colour of the clothing and accessories. Moreover, fashion collections are routinely designed and visually merchandised into seasonal colour themes. Colour is a fundamental, powerful force in the design process, from fabric selection through to the completion of a design. It is also a vital component in fashion that can have a transforming effect upon audience perceptions and reactions.
Some designers such as Matthew Williamson or Manish Arora are well-known for their engaging use of colour, while other designers use colour to make a statement or add specific pieces to their collections. Fashion labels such as Basso Brooke, Cacharel and Eley Kishimoto are all known for their use of colour through printed textiles. The selection and application of colour is a decision driven by emotion but it can have a transforming effect on a design.
Consider, for example, a dress design conceived and drawn in beige and then the same design presented in red. We would respond to them differently, even though the dress would be in the same style. Such is the emotive power of colour. It is an artistic or design decision to select a colour and apply Catwalking. The appearance of a colour is dependent on light: it will take Catwalking. The multitude of shades, tones and hues that are available today through synthetic or natural processes can be broadly identified within a colour wheel classification.
The first 2 Examples of different categories: primary, secondary and is a monochromatic colour scheme, colour schemes. The three primary colours are in which a single colour is used with red, yellow and blue.
These may be its various tints and shades. The considered as the foundation colours second is an analogous colour since they are used to create all scheme.
This is when a colour such other colours and are equidistant on as red is used in combination with its the colour wheel. The combination of adjacent hues such as red-orange two primary colours creates three and red-violet. The third type of secondary colours: orange, green colour scheme is made up of a and violet, which are also equidistant variety of contrasting colours and on the colour wheel. The six tertiary includes the complementary scheme.
These equidistant colours wheel are used together. For make up red-orange, red-violet, example, red and green are yellow-green, yellow-orange, blue- opposites, and are considered green and blue-violet. Colours may complementary colours when used also be divided into cool and warm together as they make each other categories: cool colours are classified appear brighter and more intense.
When mixing colours, a derivation of the complementary tint of a colour is made by adding scheme and uses three colours white, while a darker shade is made comprising any hue and the two by adding black. This could be, for example, a combination of red, yellow-green and blue-green. They also employ fashion- sales.
Fashion designers will often direction and market-trend research orientated illustrators who contribute visit their suppliers to discuss colours for fashion and interiors up to two to their publications with hand-drawn for the coming season and will work years in advance of the selling illustrations alongside CAD artwork closely with their textile partners to season. Lab dips are reviewed in a light box under controlled lighting conditions and may be analysed with a spectrometer.
The ability to draw fabric convincingly is a useful skill for any designer or fashion illustrator; it is often taught to fashion students as a means of broadening their drawing skills and their knowledge of fabrics.
The process is usually referred to as fabric rendering. Of course, there are many different types of fabrics to draw and while some might have surface texture and pattern, others do not. A designer sketch or linear fashion drawing should communicate a convincing understanding of the chosen fabric or fabrics.
For more artistic illustrations the rendering process can be somewhat looser and more interpretative. The best way to start is by copying a real fabric swatch. Much like drawing from life, this entails keen observation and evaluation of the fabric before starting the drawing process. Selection of appropriate media is critical: prepare a variety of colour media, which can be used in combination.
To start with it is best to draw to the same scale as the fabric. To simplify things it can help to categorise fabrics into a select number of groups such as woollen and textured fabrics, shiny fabrics, sheer fabrics, knits, patterns and prints.
It is worth attempting each group of fabrics, since they are all likely to be drawn at some time. Marker pens or gouache can be used to lay down the base colour as a wash effect, while colour pencil or a slightly dry brush can be added to create the desired texture or brushed appearance.
Tweeds can be drawn with the addition of cross hatching and flecks; try pronounced twill weaves with a sharp pencil line. Wool plaids are typically built up in layers, starting with a base colour created as a wash followed by weft and warp colour bands. Darker layers are usually added later with finer lines towards the end, especially for the lightest colour, drawn in pencil.
Shiny fabrics 1 Rendering shiny fabrics for the first time can often be more challenging than opaque fabrics and, since they reflect light, typically need to be considered in relation to a light source. Shiny fabrics such as taffetas, charmeuse and satins should be drawn with a combination of dark, medium and light tonal values. Sometimes it is effective to leave white space to indicate where the light has the most pronounced effect on the 2 surface of the fabric.
This applies to pale or white fabrics, such as those used for evening or bridal wear; Colouring and rendering these fabrics have tonal variations. Marker pens, watercolour paints and Indian inks are all useful media for rendering shiny fabrics and can be used in combination with colour pencil for accents. Rendering these fabrics presents unique challenges as there can be many values of a colour depending on whether the fabric is layered or worn over the skin.
Their general appearance should be light of touch without hard edges, drawn using media such as marker pens, blendable pastel chalks or watercolour. Colour pencils or chalks can be combined with other media to create the effect of transparency. Hems and seams 3 should be understated. Knitted fabrics Knitted fabrics can be drawn to convey surface structure and texture and are typically defined by the inclusion of a ribbed edge or cable effect. A base colour wash in gouache or marker pen is effective and works well with the addition of pencil lines to define the knitted surface of the fabric.
This group also includes jersey knits, which 4 can take on a more fluid appearance; this can be rendered in a tonal wash. Prints can add a dramatic visual look when applied to a fashion drawing and need to be studied carefully. The most important aspects to consider are the repetition and scale of the print. Some prints are designed for borders, such as hems, while placement prints typically adorn the fronts of T-shirts. Most fashion prints are repeat prints so applying them to the scale of a human figure becomes a necessary consideration.
Rendering a print on to a figurative drawing or illustration will require you to consider line quality in relation to an understanding of the garment. It is important that the print is drawn to look like it is printed on the surface of a fabric that has folds, drapes and is sewn together with seams.
With this in mind, shading techniques can also be applied. Colouring and rendering 1—2 Illustrations by Wendy Plovmand. In fashion design Wendy Plovmand. While collage was traditionally carried out by hand, with techniques such as cutting and pasting, it has now become widely embraced by fashion illustrators through digital formats such as Photoshop, with some exciting and diverse results that continue to push the boundaries of fashion illustration and presentation formats.
What makes collage and mixed media artworks for fashion so popular and visually engaging is their diversity, allowing you to work outside the usual conventions of art supplies and drawing media. Hand-made collages also encompass tactile and textural qualities that make the final drawings almost three-dimensional in character. Some even incorporate stitch. Collage and mixed media artworks for fashion often transcend and mutate the notion of the fashion ideal to something that is more abstract than a single drawing or photograph could communicate on its own.
Developing collage or mixed media illustrations for fashion is a creative process that allows for a high level of artistic expression.
As with most approaches to creating artworks it is best practised and refined over time, but is underpinned by an inventive curiosity, 1 a love of technique and good compositional skills.
One might even be tempted to draw parallels between the appropriation of found objects to create fashion artwork and the notion of fashion continually reinventing itself. In this sense collage and mixed media for fashion take on a more poignant context.
Today many designers and fashion illustrators combine both formats for a contemporary drawing style. Digital colouring, rendering and collage describe a variety of bitmap raster applications and vector graphics. These include scanning and retouching hand-drawn illustrations as well as creating digital freehand drawings using either a mouse or a graphics tablet and pen. These processes can be applied to a fashion illustration or used for creating colour-enhanced presentation flats.
Scanning a hand-drawn sketch or illustration is an effective means of creating a digital fashion image for editing and retouching. RGB is spot colours cannot be simulated Witney Cramer. The main purpose of Today, all digital graphics software the RGB colour model is the offers a comprehensive range of representation and display of colours, textures, gradients and images in electronic systems such patterns that can be applied to a as scanners, digital cameras and drawing and edited through the use computers.
RGB is generally faster of palettes and layers. Palettes to work with than CMYK and display editing and monitoring well-suited to screen display. Layers allow users converted to CMYK for commercial to separate different elements of an printing purposes. CMYK is a image so that each layer can be subtractive colour model used in saved and edited independently. In addition, specific fabrics, patterns Also worth a mention is Pantone, a and surface textures can be scanned US-based global colour authority that from original sources and added to serves the fashion industry and other palettes or taken from computer- sectors with a comprehensive colour generated fabrics.
Fashion incorporates all the trends that involve popular behavior patterns within a given social group, which can reach a considerable and significant difference in contrast with the customs of another group of individuals.
Fashion usually has a temporary impact on a person, this is due to the nature of this demand that renews itself after some time, setting new guidelines in terms of how to dress, think and act. The list of books on Fashion in PDF format that we created, is composed of more than 25 texts filled with important and useful information about the subject. On the other hand, we incorporate in our collection of publications, books in Spanish and in Portuguese, in case you want to read in any of these languages.
We would also like to point out that all the books are in the public domain, or were given for free distribution. From a few years ago until nowadays, the media has been in charge of spreading accurate information regarding environmental care, the starting point was the discovery of the known greenhouse effect, from that moment the awareness of how man has damaged nature has been at a global level.
This issue has become a door for companies to carry out a new business, which has permeated the population very well, and that is the use of clothing that does not contribute to ecological deterioration, but rather preserves it. This fashion is known as slow fashion or Sustainable Fashion , which is responsible for minimizing as much as possible the environmental impact to preserve and improve the health of the planet, creating eye-catching clothes with different materials.
When I was a child, I remember that my parents were always concerned about me being combined when I dressed, especially my mother, something that one does not understand until one becomes an adult. However, although there are certain rules for combining clothes, they are not always taken into account, since after all, fashions are made by people. The first option is to click on one of the pen or marker tools and create your shapes freehand.
Another option is to use the shape tools. Click on the shape you want to start with and then move your mouse to the workspace and click your mouse and that will be the center of the object. You can also hold down the mouse button and drag out the shape, allowing you more freedom in deciding the size and dimensions. Once a shape is on your screen, you can adjust the size, move it, color it, and add shadows and styles to give it the perfect design.
As I mentioned at the beginning of the review, the Pen tool was one of the first tools in Illustrator and was completely groundbreaking in The good news is as technology advanced so did the pen tool. The pen can draw a straight line or an arc-shaped curve, known as segments. At the beginning and end of the segment is a dot, which is called an anchor point. These are like push pins holding the segments in place. You can adjust the shape of the segment without moving the anchor point by dragging the segment.
For more advanced shapes, you add additional anchor points along a segment, giving you more flexibility in how you move the segments. Adding color to your design is an essential part of creating eye-catching designs.
You can set your preference by clicking on the Image button on the menu bar and selecting Mode. Once you have your preferred mode, you can use the color picker to choose a color. Other options are:. Gradients : Combine multiple colors to create a natural change from light to dark or dark to light.
There are different gradient modes to choose from, including right to left, left to right, swirls, and diamonds. Download the Illustrator Free Trial Today. I found the artboards to be a very helpful tool for taking my creative ideas and organizing them.
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Made by experts from Tommy Hilfiger, these outfit looks cool on every individual. Everyone likes to look good, hence choosing an appropriate outfit for each individual is essential. Experts from all around the world have worked hard day and night for setting a new fashion trend that suits the audience, thus providing the world with some of the finest fashion illustrations. Fashion Illustration Outfit Design. Fashion Illustration — Willams. Fashion Outfit Design.
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